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Finally, there is a solution to addiction!
Whether
a person is genetically or bio-chemically predisposed to addiction or
alcoholism is a controversy that has been debated for years within the
scientific, medical and chemical dependency communities. One school of thought
advocates the disease concept which embraces the notion that
addiction is an inherited disease, and that the individual is permanently ill
at a genetic level, even for those experiencing long periods of sobriety.
Another philosophy argues that addiction is a dual problem
consisting of a physical and mental dependency on chemicals, compounded by a
pre-existing mental disorder (i.e., clinical depression, bipolar disorder or
some other mental illness), and that the mental disorder needs to be treated
first as the primary cause of the addiction.
A third philosophy subscribes to the idea that chemical
dependency leads to permanent chemical imbalances in the
neurological system that must be treated with psychotropic medications after
the person has withdrawn from their drug of choice.
The fact remains that there is
some scientific research that favors each of these addiction concepts, but none
of them are absolute. Based on national averages, addiction treatment has a 16%
to 20% recovery rate. The message is pretty clear that these theories are just
that, theories, and we have a lot more to learn if we are to bring the national
recovery rate to a more desirable level.
There is a fourth school of thought which has proven to be
more accurate. It has to do with the life cycle of addiction. This data is
universally applicable to addiction, no matter which hypothesis is used to
explain the phenomenon of chemical dependency.
The Cycle of Addiction
The life cycle of addiction begins with a problem,
discomfort or some form of emotional or physical pain a person is experiencing.
The person finds this very difficult to deal with.
Here is an individual who, like
most people in our society, is basically good. He has encountered a problem
that is causing him physical or emotional pain and discomfort that he does not
have an immediate answer for. Examples would include difficulty fitting
in as a child or teenager, puberty, physical injuries such a broken bone,
a bad back or some other chronic physical condition. Whatever the origin of the
difficulty is, the discomfort associated with it presents the individual with a
real problem. He feels this problem is a major situation that is persisting. He
can see no immediate resolution or relief from it. Most of us have experienced
this in our lives to a greater or lesser degree.
Once the person takes a drug, he feels relief from the
discomfort, even though the relief is only temporary. That drink or drug is
adopted as a solution to the problem and the individual places value on the
substance. This assigned value is the only reason the person ever uses drugs or
drinks a second, third or more times.
There is a key factor involved in this life cycle scenario
that determines which of us become addicts and which do not. The answer depends
on whether or not, at the time of this traumatic experience, we are subjected
to pro-drug or pro-alcohol influences via some sort of significant peer
pressure that influences our decision-making process with regard to finding
relief from the discomfort. Peer pressure can manifest itself in many different
ways. It can come from friends or family members or through some avenue of
advertising or promotion which, when combined with the degree of relief we
receive from the drug or drink, determines the severity of the use. Simply put,
the bigger the problem, the greater the discomfort the person experiences. The
greater the discomfort, the more importance the person places on relieving it
and the greater the value he assigns to that which brought about the
relief.
For those that start down the path of addiction, they will
encounter other physical, mental and lifestyle changes along the way that will
begin to cause the individuals quality of life to deteriorate. If the
drug or alcohol abuse continues unchecked, eventually the person is faced with
so many unpleasant circumstances in their life that each sober moment is filled
with so much despair and misery that all he wants to do is escape these
feelings by medicating them away. This is the downward spiral of addiction. At
this point for most there are only three inevitable outcomes: death, prison or
sobriety.
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